Weight Loss Surgery Reduces Kidney Failure Risk By 44 Percent In People With Diabetes: Study
A study published in Annals of Surgery reveals that bariatric surgery can significantly protect kidney function in patients with Type 2 diabetes, obesity, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The research found a 60 per cent reduction in disease progression and a 44 per cent lower risk of kidney failure or death compared to nonsurgical treatments.
A new study has found that bariatric or weight loss surgery can protect kidney function in people with Type 2 diabetes, obesity, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Published in the journal Annals of Surgery, the research shows that the procedure may also reduce the risk of kidney failure, offering hope for patients struggling with these chronic conditions.
The study revealed that patients who underwent bariatric surgery had a 60 per cent lower risk of kidney disease progression and a 44 per cent reduced risk of developing kidney failure or death, compared to those who opted for nonsurgical treatment. These findings highlight the significant potential of weight loss surgery to not only help manage weight but also safeguard vital organ functions, especially for high-risk patients.
Chronic kidney disease is a serious health issue that affects millions worldwide, particularly those suffering from diabetes and obesity. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and about 40 per cent of people with diabetes are likely to develop CKD during their lifetime. For these individuals, CKD can eventually lead to renal failure, necessitating dialysis or a kidney transplant. The study’s findings suggest that bariatric surgery could be a game-changer for these patients.
Dr Ali Aminian, the lead author of the study and director of Cleveland Clinic’s Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, emphasized the impact of bariatric surgery in changing the course of CKD for patients with diabetes and obesity. "This surgery has the potential to shift the trajectory of chronic kidney disease in this population," he said. "It’s important that we continue to explore its benefits, especially since the surgery remains underutilized."
The study tracked 425 adult patients between the ages of 18 and 75, all of whom had Type 2 diabetes, obesity, and stage 3 or 4 chronic kidney disease. Out of this group, 183 individuals underwent bariatric surgery, while 242 received nonsurgical treatment using GLP-1 receptor agonist medications. These drugs, which include liraglutide, exenatide, semaglutide (Ozempic), and tirzepatide (Mounjaro), are commonly prescribed to help manage diabetes.
Though both groups received treatments aimed at improving their condition, the results favoured bariatric surgery. The surgery group showed significantly more weight loss, better control of diabetes, and improvements in managing related conditions like high blood pressure and cholesterol. Those who underwent surgery experienced better overall kidney function protection compared to the group treated with GLP-1 medications.
While the study indicates that bariatric surgery could offer more substantial long-term benefits for kidney health than medication alone, Dr Aminian noted that the surgery is still underutilized. He urged the medical community to consider weight loss surgery more often for high-risk patients, especially those with existing chronic conditions like diabetes and CKD.
Bariatric surgery presents a promising solution for patients with Type 2 diabetes, obesity, and chronic kidney disease, helping not only with weight management but also with protecting kidney function and reducing the risk of severe complications like kidney failure.
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